10 Questions to Ask Your Mortgage Lender
One of THE MOST important stages in the home-buying process is finding a reputable lender or mortgage broker to handle your transaction. A good lender will respect that you work hard for your money — and you want to spend it wisely.
After running a credit check, your lender will present you with options for what you may qualify to borrow. The mortgage amount can be different depending on two things: the product and interest rate. Since the interest rate determines what you’ll owe every month on that balance, understanding how different mortgage products work is key. Here are 10 questions to ask to make sure you’re getting the best rate (and the best deal).
- What is the interest rate?
Your lender will offer you an interest rate based on the loan and your credit. The interest rate, along with the mortgage balance and loan term, will determine your real monthly payment. A loan with a lower balance or a lower interest rate will make for a smaller monthly payment. If you’re not satisfied with the interest rates offered, work to clean up your credit so you can qualify for a lower interest rate.
- What is the monthly mortgage payment?
As you develop a budget for your new home, make sure you can afford this monthly mortgage payment — and be sure to include insurance and taxes in your monthly payment calculations. And don’t forget about short-term financial goals — say, saving up for a vacation or buying a new computer — and long-term retirement goals to consider. Your monthly mortgage payment shouldn’t be so high that your money can’t work toward your other financial goals.
- Is the mortgage fixed rate or an ARM?
Fixed-rate loans keep the same rate for the life of the loan, which can range between 10 and 30 years. Adjustable-rate mortgages, or ARMs, have interest rates that change after an initial period at regular intervals. If you don’t plan to stay in your home long-term, a hybrid ARM with an initial fixed-rate period may be a better choice, since this type of loan tends to have lower interest rates than fixed-rate mortgages.
If you do consider an ARM, make sure you ask (and understand!) when the rate will change and by how much. Ask how often the rate will change after the initial interest rate change, the index that it’s tied to, and the loan’s margin. There are usually caps to how much the interest rate can increase during one period and over the life of the loan, so recalculate the monthly payment to make sure you can afford that higher rate.
- What fees do I have to pay?
One-time fees, typically called “points,” are due at closing. For every point you pay, your lender will decrease your interest rate by 1%. You can also inquire about whether you might have the option of paying zero closing fees in exchange for a higher interest rate.
- Does the loan have any prepayment penalties?
If you’re saving up to make some extra mortgage payments to pay off your mortgage principal early, you may have to pay a fee. Don’t forget to ask this important question.
- When can I lock in the interest rate and points, and how much does this cost?
Your lender may be able to lock in your interest rate for a time, and for a fee. If rates go up, you’ll still be able to benefit from a lower rate on your mortgage.
- What are the qualifying guidelines for this loan?
The underwriting guidelines are different for every loan, as are income and reserve requirements. Along with requiring you to have sufficient funds for the down payment and closing costs, most mortgages require proof of income and reserves of up to six months of mortgage payments.
- What is the minimum down payment required for this loan?
Different loan products have different down payment requirements. Most mortgages require a 20% down payment, but if you qualify for an FHA loan, for example, your down payment could be as low as 3.5%. In general, loans with lower down payments cost more.
- Do I have to pay for mortgage insurance, and how much will this cost?
Putting down less than 20% on your purchase requires paying mortgage insurance until your loan-to-value, or LTV, ratio falls below 80%. Mortgage insurance premiums can be expensive, sometimes costing up to $100 per month for every $100,000 borrowed.
- Do you have other mortgage products with lower rates that I qualify for?
The best way to comparison-shop is to start with your current lender. They probably offer more than one type of loan, and these may have terms better suited to your financial situation.
5 Ways to Use a Mortgage Calculator
Whether you’re hoping to buy or planning to sell, a mortgage calculator can give you some valuable insights. Here are five questions a monthly mortgage calculator can help answer to make you more savvy about home buying.
Should you rent or buy?
There’s more to being a homeowner than just swapping a rent payment for a mortgage payment. You’ll have to consider additional costs like property taxes, and depending on your loan, you also may have to factor in fees like private mortgage insurance (PMI) — all of which can be estimated by a mortgage calculator. It’s a good way to compare the total cost of renting with the realistic costs of buying.
Is an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) right for you?
One way to keep a mortgage payment down and still get the house with all the bells and whistles is to choose an adjustable-rate mortgage with an interest rate lower than a fixed-rate loan’s. There are some risks involved, however: With an ARM, your payment could spike if the interest rate adjusts. With a mortgage calculator, you can see how interest rate assumptions can impact your monthly payment, and the total interest paid over the life of a loan with an ARM versus choosing a fixed-rate loan.
Can you cancel your PMI payments?
Private mortgage insurance is an additional cost for most buyers who don’t put down at least a 20% down payment. To stop paying this fee every month, you must owe less than 80% of the value of your home. You could qualify by either paying down your loan or seeing enough appreciation in your home to meet the threshold. A monthly mortgage calculator can help compare your home value with the loan amount and determine when you meet the requirements to request cancellation of your PMI payments.
Can you afford to pay off your mortgage early?
To find out, use a loan calculator to play around with the numbers. Plug in your original loan amount, interest rate, and date the loan was issued. Then include the amount you think you can add to your current monthly payment to determine how quickly you might be able to own your home outright.
Should you refinance?
A lower interest rate is usually a good thing, but depending on the amount you owe and the time remaining in the life of the loan, refinancing may end up costing you more than staying the course.
If you would like answers to these questions and more without using a mortgage calculator, contact my office at 702.331.8185.
Will a New Bill in Congress Help You Qualify for a Mortgage?
A new bill in Congress could significantly impact your ability to secure a mortgage by changing the way lenders look at credit scores.
Known as the Credit Score Competition Act, the bill is in its first stage of the legislative process. Although it’s a long way from becoming a law, future homebuyers have good reason to keep an eye on this bill. The bill would push for a new credit-scoring system, one that could potentially allow more buyers to secure funding. This is a big deal for those who have a low FICO credit score but are otherwise good home-loan candidates.
People with credit scores that do not meet FICO’s standards of “good” or “excellent” could be evaluated under different credit-score systems and therefore have their credit rated differently. In theory, this could help those buyers receive approval for a mortgage they might otherwise have missed out on. Because Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac own about 90% of the secondary mortgage market, and they’re allowed to consider only FICO scores, there’s no room for competition in the credit-scoring industry.
With such low competition, there’s no reason for companies to innovate.
This matters because not everyone has access to traditional forms of credit that beef up your FICO credit score (think steady income, bank accounts, assets, and months of credit-building history). Proponents who argue Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac should be allowed to look at new credit-scoring systems say FICO’s way of formulating credit scores is unfair to a number of groups, including first-time homebuyers, lower-income families, and minorities. The model currently used to score borrowers is based on data from nearly 20 years ago and excludes millions of people that companies like Experian say are creditworthy but whose scores don’t reflect that under the system in place today.
Credit-scoring models currently used in the residential mortgage process judge someone’s creditworthiness on a strict set of criteria but leave out factors that may indicate financial responsibility. For example, right now, FICO generally doesn’t take into account factors such as whether you pay your rent on time. Sometimes, that’s the only way first-time homebuyers can demonstrate they’re capable of handling a monthly mortgage payment. The current credit-scoring model also effectively punishes borrowers who don’t have much of a credit history; a short or nonexistent credit history can drag down overall scores. With this system, if you’re financially responsible, a diligent saver, and debt-free, you could still miss out on a mortgage because you don’t utilize credit in your day-to-day life.
Stay tuned to Credit Score Competition Act's journey through the legislative process!
Should You Combine Finances with Your Partner?
Depending on who you ask, combining finances with your significant other is either a positive step towards establishing a life together OR the worst idea ever. If you're considering it, here are some pros and cons to weigh.
Pros
Teamwork
If you’re on the same page and your financial priorities are fully aligned, you're likely looking beyond your own personal needs and wants and putting the needs of the relationship first. By combining all your assets and liabilities, you’re ultimately making the commitment to succeed or fail together, as a unit.
Simplicity
One of the benefits of joining accounts is that it makes bill paying and record keeping a whole lot easier (particularly if you’ve established a budget).
Furthermore, combining your loan accounts, such as credit cards, could help you get additional loans in the future.
And if you’re making consistent, timely payments, both of your credit scores will improve. If you had kept that credit account separate, only one of you would have the benefit of a higher score, which could hurt you down the road when you apply for additional credit.
Taxes
Sure, filing separate returns may be beneficial in some instances. (For example, if one spouse has large medical bills and can meet the deduction threshold by considering only his or her income.)
But joint filing saves time, and possibly money, too — particularly if you both work and one of you makes considerably more than the other. Combining incomes could bring the higher earnings into a lower tax bracket.
Also, some tax credits are only available to a married couple when they file jointly. Talk to your accountant for additional information about minimizing the tax bite.
Cons
Attitudes
Some couples may not agree on certain issues, like creating a spending/saving plan, setting retirement goals, or even how much debt they should carry. After all, opposites do attract, and in many relationships, there is, in fact, a spender and a saver.
If your financial philosophies don’t align, and you’re combining your financial life with someone who has vastly different expectations, goals, systems, ideals and habits, this could bring challenges and unwelcome relationship conflict.
Dependence
If you’ve been managing your money on your own for years, and have been relatively successful in doing so (from choosing your 401K funds to setting a budget to planning a vacation), you may not want to relinquish your financial autonomy.
Sure, there may be more bookkeeping for you to do if you keep your finances separate, and opt for more of a yours/mine/ours account type arrangement (commonly referred to as the “three pot system”), but it may ultimately provide you with the independence and comfort you desire.
Disentangling
You may be in la la land now, but what happens if the relationship doesn’t work out in the long run? Joint mortgages, credit cards, and bank accounts can be very difficult to separate, even with a formal court-ordered divorce decree.
4 Financial Benefits to Buying a Home
Mortgage rates are still at historic lows, and there's no denying that now is a great time to purchase a home. Here are four reasons why it makes a lot of financial sense.
1) Homeownership Builds Wealth Over Time
Most of us were taught growing up that owning a home is financially savvy. Although that confidence was shaken during the economical turbulence of recent years, real estate is still proving to be a great long-term investment.
2) You Build Equity Every Month
Your equity in your home is the amount of money you can sell it for minus what you still owe on it. Every month you make a mortgage payment, and every month a portion of what you pay reduces the amount you owe. That reduction of your mortgage every month increases your equity.
3) A Mortgage is Like a Forced Savings Plan
Paying that mortgage every month and reducing the amount of your principal is like a forced savings plan. Each month you are building up more valuable equity in your home. In a sense, you are being forced to save and that's a good thing.
4) Long Term, Renting is Cheaper Than Buying
In the first years it may be cheaper to rent. But over time as the interest portion of your mortgage payment decreases, the interest that you pay will eventually be lower than the rent you would have been paying. But more important, you are not throwing away all that money on rent. You have to live somewhere, so instead of paying off your landlord's home or building, you're paying off your own!